We believe that English language learners are emergent bilinguals/plurilinguals (Garcίa, Kleifgen & Falchi, 2008). However, throughout this website, you may also encounter other terms that all refer to these culturally and linguistically diverse learners. These terms may include: English as an Additional Language (EAL), English as a Second Language (ESL), English Language Learners (ELL). In Manitoba, the term EAL is most commonly used.
Another term used in Manitoba education is Literacy, Academics and Language (LAL) Learners.
Manitoba Immigration Statistics:
Canadian-born
English Language Learners:
"Many English Language
Learners were born in Canada and raised in families or communities in which
languages other than English are spoken. They may include, for example:
- Aboriginal students whose first
language is a first language other than English
- Children who were born in
communities that have maintained a distinct cultural and linguistic tradition,
who have a first language that is not English, and who attend English language
schools
- Children who were born in
immigrant communities in which languages other than English are primarily
spoken"
(Ontario Ministry of Education, 2007, p. 6)
Manitoba's Take on Differing
Terms: EAL, ELL, ESL:
"Manitoba Education, Citizenship and Youth and Manitoba
Labour and Immigration have recently adopted the term “English as an Additional
Language (EAL)” to refer to English language programming for linguistically
diverse learners in both K-12 and adult programs. This revised term better
reflects the additive nature of learning another language. The
additive approach acknowledges and builds upon the strengths and contributions
of Manitoba’s intercultural, multilingual student population. EAL refers to
students whose first or primary language(s) is other than English and who
require specialized programming and/or additional services to develop English
language proficiency and to realize their potential within Manitoba’s school
system."
(Retrieved from http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/cur/eal/framework/index.html)
Another term used in Manitoba education is Literacy, Academics and Language (LAL) Learners.
"This description refers to EAL learners in the Middle and
Senior years who have had significant gaps in their schooling (i.e., these
students have experienced three or more years of interrupted or no schooling,
and therefore their school-based knowledge is well below an age-appropriate
level). These students need to develop basic literacy skills and foundational
academic concepts at the same time as they are learning the language of
instruction. Students who are LAL learners will transition into the EAL stages
of development as they gain literacy skills."
Manitoba Immigration Statistics:
The following link will provide you with
information about Manitoba Immigration. You will find reports, from a number of years, on those that
immigrated to Manitoba, as well as other statistics about immigrants such as
education, age, occupation, income, etc.
http://www.gov.mb.ca/labour/immigration/publications.html
Manitoba Population by Mother Tongue
Manitoba Permanent Residents by Source Area
In 2013, 59 percent of Manitoba's new permanent residents arrived from Asia and Pacific regions, followed by Africa and the Middle East (24 percent), Europe and United Kingdom (9 percent), South and Central America (4 percent) and the United States (3 percent).
Manitoba Population by Mother Tongue
(Retrieved from http://www.gov.mb.ca/labour/immigration/pdf/manitoba-immigration-ethnicity-statistics-2.pdf)
Permanent Residents by Province/Territory
Manitoba Permanent Residents by Community Destination
Manitoba Permanent Residents by Source Area
In 2013, 59 percent of Manitoba's new permanent residents arrived from Asia and Pacific regions, followed by Africa and the Middle East (24 percent), Europe and United Kingdom (9 percent), South and Central America (4 percent) and the United States (3 percent).
Brandon School Division
Statistics:
The Brandon School Division has
approximately 1350 EAL identified students (as of January, 2015). These
students have come from a variety of countries to Canada, including: Chile,
China, Columbia, Croatia, Denmark, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Germany, Honduras,
India, Korea, Mauritius, Nigeria, Philippines, Russia, Sudan, Uganda,
Ukraine, among others.
