References

References
Website References
Cummins, J. & Early, M. (2015). Big ideas for expanding minds: Teaching English language learners across the curriculum. Don Mills, Ontario: Pearson Canada Inc.
Cummins, J. (2001). Negotiating identities: Education for empowerment in a diverse society (2nd ed.). Los Angeles, CA: California Association for Bilingual Education.
Government of Canada. (2014). Facts and Figures 2013 - Immigration overview: Permanent Residents. Website.Retrieved from http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/resources/statistics/facts2013/permanent21.asp and http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/resources/statistics/facts2013/permanent/10.asp#figure7
Government of Manitoba. (2013). Manitoba immigration facts: 2013 statistical report. Website. Retrieved from http://www.gov.mb.ca/labour/immigration/pdf/manitoba _immigration_facts_re port_2013.pdf  
Government of Manitoba. (2011). Curriculum Framework for English as an Additional Language (EAL) and Literacy, Academics, and Language (LAL) Programming. Website. Retrieved from http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/cur/eal/framework /index.html
Government of Manitoba. (2013). Immigration Statistics Report. Website. Retrieved from http://www.gov.mb.ca/labour/immigration/publications.html
Manitoba Labour and Immigration. (n.d.) Population by mother tongue: Ethnicity Series Vol. 2. Website. Retrieved from http://www.gov.mb.ca/labour /immigration /pdf/manitoba-immigration-ethnicity-statistics-2.pdf
García, Ofelia, Jo Anne Kleifgen and Lorraine Falchi. (2008). From English language learners to emergent bilingualsIn Equity Matters: Research Review No. 1. New York: A Research Initiative of the Campaign for Educational Equity. 
Ontario Ministry of Education. (2007). Supporting English Language Learners in Kindergarten.  Queen’s Printer of Ontario. 
Ntelioglou, B. Y., Fannin, J., Montanera, M., & Cummins, J. (2014). A multilingual and multimodal approach to literacy teaching and learning in urban education: a collaborative inquiry project in an inner city elementary school. Frontiers in Psychology, 5, 533. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00533


Project References
Cummins, J. & Early, M. (2015). Big ideas for expanding minds: Teaching English language learners across the curriculum. Don Mills, Ontario: Pearson Canada Inc.
Cummins, J., Mirza, R., & Stillie, S. (2012). English language learners in Canadian schools: Emerging directions for school-based policies. TESL Canada Journal, 29, Special Issue 6, 25-48.
Honigsfeld, A. & Giouroukakis, V. (Summer 2011) High-stakes assessments and English language learners. The Delta Kappa Gamma Bulletin, pp. 6-10.
Davis Lenski, s., Ehlers-Zavala, F., Daniel, M., & Sun-Irminger, X. (September 2006). Assessing English-language learners in mainstream classrooms. The Reading Teacher, 60, 1, pp. 24-34. doi: 10.1598/RT.60.1.3
Government of Alberta Education. Supporting ESL learners – Search ESL benchmarks. Retrieved on March 13, 2015 from:  http://www.learnalberta.ca/content/eslapb/search.html
Ontario Ministry of Education. (2012) STEP initial assessment. Ontario: Queen’s Press. Retrieved on February 22, 2015 from: http://www.edugains.ca/resourcesELL/Assessment/STEP/STEP_InitialLanguageAssessment/STEPUserGuide_IntialAssessment_June2012.pdf
Paradis, J., Schneider, P., & Sorenson Duncan, T. (June 2013). Discriminating children with language impairment among English-language learners from diverse first-language backgrounds. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 56, pp. 971-981. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2012/12-0050).
Sandberg, K. & Reschly, A. (2011). English learners: Challenges in assessment and the promise of curriculum-based measurement. Remedial and Special Education, 32, 2, pp. 144-154. doi: 10.1177/0741932510361260

References for The Importance of Embracing Identity in English Additional Language Learners (EAL)
(n.d.). Retrieved March 16, 2015, from http://www.edutopia.org/blog/scaffolding-lessons-six-strategies-rebecca-
About ScribJab. (n.d.). Retrieved from: http://www.scribjab.com/en/about/about.html
Cummins, J., Bismilla, V., Chow, P., & Cohen, S. (n.d.). ELL Students Speak for Themselves: Identity Texts and Literacy Engagement in Multilingual Classrooms [1]. Website: Retrieved from http://learnteachlead.ca/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/ELLidentityTexts.pdf
Cummins, J. (2012, January 1). The Literacy Engagement Framework. Website: Retrieved from http://schools.spsd.sk.ca/curriculum/blog/2013/03/01/the-literacy-engagement-framework/
Cummins, J. (2001). Negotiating identities: Education for empowerment in a diverse society (2nd ed.). Los Angeles, CA: California Association for Bilingual Education.
Norton, B., & Toohey, K. (n.d.). Critical pedagogies and language learning: An introduction. Website: Retrieved from http://www.cambridge.org/download_file/624044/0/
Skype in the Classroom - Skype in the classroom. (n.d.). Website: Retrieved from https://education.skype.com/
Tschida, C., Ryan, C., & Tickner, A. (2014, January 1). Building on Windows and Mirrors: Encouraging the Disruption of “Single Stories” Through Children’s Literature. Website: Retrieved from http://www.childrensliteratureassembly.org/docs/JCL-40-1-Article_Tschida.pdf

References for Engaging EAL Parents  
Arias, M. B., & Morillo-Campbell, M. (2008). Promoting ELL parental involvement: Challenges in contested times. Wesbite: Retrieved from http://epsl.asu.edu/epru/documents/EPSL-0801-250EPRU.pdfhttp://epsl.asu.edu/epru/documents/EPSL-0801-250-EPRU.pdf
Bangou, F. & Fleming, D. (2014). Citizenship, becoming, literacy and schools: Immigrant students in a Canadian secondary school. Our Schools/Our Selves, 91-99.
Caesar, L. G., & Nelson, N. W. (2014). Parental involvement in language and literacy acquisition: A bilingual journaling approach. Child Language Teaching and Therapy, 30(3), 317-336. doi:10.1177/0265659013513028
Cummins, J. & Early, M. (2015). Big ideas for expanding minds: Teaching English language learners across the curriculum. Don Mills, Ontario: Pearson Canada Inc.
Gonzalez-DeHass, A. R., Willems, P. P., & Holbein, M. F. D. (2005). Examining the relationship between parental involvement and student motivation. Educational Psychology Review, 17(2), 99-123. doi:10.1007/s10648-005-3949-7
Guo, Y. (2006). “Why didn’t they show up?” Rethinking ESL parental involvement in K-12 education. TESL Canada Journal, 24(1), 80-95.
Harper, S. N., & Pelletier, J. (2010). Parent involvement in early childhood: A comparison of English language learners and English first language families. International Journal of Early Years Education, 18(2), 123-141. doi:10.1080/09669760.2010.496162
Ho, J. (2015). Bicultural children: What parents and teachers should know. Childhood Education, 91(1), 35-40. doi:10.1080/00094056.2014.1001663
Hornby, G. & Lafaele, R. (2011). Barriers to parental involvement in education: An explanatory model. Educational Review, 63(1), 37-52. doi:10.1080/00131911.2010.488049
Ladky, M., & Peterson, S. S. (2008). Successful practices for immigrant parent involvement: An Ontario perspective. Multicultural Perspectives, 10(2), 82-89. doi:10.1080/15210960801997932
Panferov, S. (2010). Increasing ELL parental involvement in our schools: Learning from the parents. Theory Into Practice, 49, 106-112. doi:10.1080/00405841003626551
Tang, S. (2014). Social capital and determinants of immigrant family educational involvement. The Journal of Educational Research, 108(1), 22-34. doi:10.1080/00220671.2013.833076

References for ELL Parental Support 
Arias, M. B., & Morillo-Campbell, M. (2008). Promoting ELL parental involvement: Challenges in contested times. Website: Retrieved from http://epsl.asu.edu/epru/documents/EPSL-0801-250-EPRU.pdf
Caesar, L. G., & Nelson, N. W. (2014). Parental involvement in language and literacy acquisition: A bilingual journaling approach. Child Language Teaching and Therapy, 30(3), 317-336. doi:10.1177/0265659013513028
Gonzalez-DeHass, A. R., Willems, P. P., & Holbein, M. F. D. (2005). Examining the relationship between parental involvement and student motivation. Educational Psychology Review, 17(2), 99-123. doi:10.1007/s10648-005-3949-7
Guo, Y. (2006). “Why didn’t they show up?” Rethinking ESL parental involvement in K-12 education. TESL Canada Journal, 24(1), 80-95.
Harper, S. N., & Pelletier, J. (2010). Parent involvement in early childhood: A comparison of English language learners and English first language families. International Journal of Early Years Education, 18(2), 123-141. doi:10.1080/09669760.2010.496162
Ladky, M., & Peterson, S. S. (2008). Successful practices for immigrant parent involvement: An Ontario perspective. Multicultural Perspectives, 10(2), 82-89. doi:10.1080/15210960801997932
Mid-Continent Comprehensive Center. (2001).  Knowledgebases: Tips for ell parent involvement.  Website: Retrieved from http://www.mc3edsupport.org/community/knowledgebases/tips-for-ell-parent-involvement-62.html
Naqvi, R., Thorne, K., Pfitscher, C., Nordstokke, D., & McKeough, A.  (2013).  Reading dual language books: Improving early literacy skills in linguistically diverse classrooms.  Journal of Early Childhood Research, 1-13.  Doi: 10.1177/14767/8X12449453
Naqvi, R., McKeough, A., Thorne, K., Pfitscher, C.  (2012).  Dual language books as an emergent literacy resource: Culturally and linguistically responsive teaching and learning.  Journal of Early Childhood Literacy, 1-28.  doi: 10.1177/1468798412442886
Panferov, S. (2010). Increasing ELL parental involvement in our schools: Learning from the parents. Theory Into Practice, 49, 106-112. doi:10.1080/00405841003626551
Tang, S. (2014). Social capital and determinants of immigrant family educational involvement.  The Journal of Educational Research, 108(1), 22-34. doi:10.1080/00220671.2013.833076

Brandon School Division. (2015, February). English as an additional language (EAL) enrolment update January 31, 2015 (February 23, 2015 Senior Admin Report to the Board of Trustees).
Brandon School Division. (2015, January). [EAL students by country of origin]. Unpublished raw data.
Brandon School Division. (2010, June 28). Appropriate educational programming. (Policy 4044). Brandon, MB: Brandon School Division.
Brandon School Division. (2011, June 13). Basic French. (Policy 4045). Brandon, MB: Brandon School Division.
Brandon School Division. (2011, June 13). French immersion. (Policy 4046). Brandon, MB: Brandon School Division.
Busch, B. (2011). Trends and innovative practices in multilingual education in Europe: An overview. International Review of Education, (57), 541-549. doi:10.1007/s11159-011-9257-1
Cenoz, J., & Gorter, D. (2011). A holistic approach to multilingual education: Introduction.  The Modern Language Journal, (95)3, 339–343. doi:10.1111/j.1540-4781.2011.01204.x
Cummins, J., Mirza, R., & Stille, S. (2012). English language learners in Canadian schools: Emerging directions for school-based policies. TESL Canada Journal, (29)6, 25-48.
De Korne, H. (2010). Indigenous language education policy: Supporting community-controlled immersion in Canada and the US. Language Policy, (9)2, 115-141. doi:10.1007/s10993-010-9165-4
Edmonton Public Schools. (2013). Language and culture. EPSB. Website: Retrieved from https://epsb.ca/programs/language/
Garcia, O. (2014). Multilingualism and language education. In C. Leung, & B. V. Street (Eds.), The Routledge Companion to English Studies (84-99). New York: Routledge.
Institute for Innovation in Second Language Education. (2012). Welcome to IISLE! Edmonton Public Schools. Website. Retrieved from https://sites.google.com/a/share.epsb.ca/languages-epsb-ca/
Johnson, E. J. & Johnson, D. C. (2015). Language policy and bilingual education in Arizona and Washington state. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, (18)1, 92-112. doi:10.1080/13670050.2014.882288
Manitoba Education and Advanced Learning. (n.d.). Aboriginal education and training: Aboriginal languages. Website. Retrieved from http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/abedu/languages.html
Manitoba Education, Citizenship and Youth. (2007). Kindergarten to grade 12 Aboriginal languages and cultures: Manitoba curriculum framework of outcomes. Manitoba Education. Website. Retrieved from http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/abedu/framework/k-12_ab_lang.pdf
Manitoba Education, International and Heritage Languages. (n.d.).Welcome! Website. Retrieved from: http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/docs/policy/heritage/
Manitoba Education. (2011, June). Manitoba kindergarten to grade 12: Curriculum framework for English as an additional language (EAL) and literacy, academics, and language (LAL) programming: June 2011 draft. Manitoba Education. Website. Retrieved from http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/cur/eal/framework/index.html
Manitoba Education. (1993). Policy for heritage language instruction. Website. Retrieved from http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/docs/policy/heritage/index.html
Research and Planning Branch Manitoba Education, Training and Youth. (2001, May). Aboriginal language instruction in Manitoba: A survey of principals and superintendents of elementary –secondary schools. Website. Retrieved from http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/abedu/ablang.pdf
Stapleton, J. (2014, December 5). Spanish bilingual program proposed for Winnipeg school in 2015. CBC News, Manitoba. Website. Retrieved from http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/spanish-bilingual-program-proposed-for-winnipeg-school-in-2015-1.2861334
Statistics Canada. (2014, October). Analytical products: Focus on geography series, 2011 census. Website. Retrieved from http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/as-sa/fogs-spg/Facts-csd-eng.cfm?LANG=Eng&GK=CSD&GC=4607062
Thomas, W.P., & Collier, V.P. (2011, Spring). Drs. Thomas and Collier share the educational implications of their research on dual language programs. ESL Globe, (8)1, 1-2. Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State University. Website. Retrieved from http://www.thomasandcollier.com/assets/2011_interview-with-thomas-and-collier.pdf
Winnipeg School Division. (1985, July). Language instruction. (Policy IGAL). Website. Retrieved from https://www.winnipegsd.ca/administration%20services/policy/wsd-policies/Documents/IGAL.pdf

Cope, B. & Kalantzis, M. (Eds.). (2000). Multiliteracies: Literacy learning and the design of social futures. New York, NY: Routledge.
Cummins, J. (2001). Negotiating identities: Education for empowerment in a diverse society (2nd Ed.). Los Angeles, CA: California Association for Bilingual Education.
Cummins, J. (2009). Transformative multiliteracies pedagogy: School-based strategies for closing the achievement gap. Multiple Voices for Ethnically Diverse Exceptional Learners, 11(2), 1-19.
Cummins, J. (2010). Multiliteracies and equity: How do Canadian schools measure up? Education Canada, 46(2), 4-7.
Cummins, J. (2013). ELL Students speak for themselves: Identity texts and literacy engagement in multilingual classrooms. Website. Retrieved from http://learnteachlead.ca/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/ELLidentityTexts.pdf
Danzak, R. L. (2011). Defining identities through multiliteracies: EL teens narrate their immigration experiences as graphic stories. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 55(3), 187-196.
Gallagher, K. & Yaman Ntelioglou (2011). Which new literacies? Dialogue and performance in youth writing. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy 54(5), 322-330.
Kalantzis, M. & Cope, B. (2008). Language education and multiliteracies. Language Policy and Political Issues in Education, 1, 195-211,
Lotherington H., Holland, M., Sotoudeh, S., & Zentena, M. (2008). Project-based community language learning: Three narratives of multilingual story-telling in early childhood education. The Canadian Modern Language Review, 65(1), 125-145.
Lotherington, H. (2011). Pedagogy of multiliteracies: Rewriting Goldilocks. New York, NY: Routledge.
Mills, K. (2011). The Multiliteracies Classroom. Toronto, ON: Multilingual Matters.
Olthouse, J. M. (2013). Multiliteracies theory and gifted education: Creating “smart spaces” in the language arts classroom. Gifted Child Today, 36(4), 247-253).
The New London Group (1996). A pedagogy of multiliteracies: Designing social futures. Harvard Educational Review, 66, 60-92.
Yaman Ntelioglou, B. (2011). ‘But why do I have to take this class?’ The mandatory drama-ESL class and multiliteracies pedagogy. The Journal of Applied Theatre and Performance, 16(4), 595-615.
Yaman Ntelioglou, B., Fannin, J., Montanera, M., & Cummins, J. (2014). A multilingual and multimodal approach to literacy teaching and learning in urban education: A collaborative inquiry project in an inner city elementary school. Frontiers in Psychology, 5, 1-10.

Agbo, S.A. (2002). Decentralization of First Nations education in Canada: Perspectives on ideals and realities of Indian control of Indian education. Website. Retrieved from http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023%2FA%3A1020945418910   
Anderson, J., Anderson, A., & Gear, A. (2014). Family literacy programs. Language and Literacy, July, 1-20.
Anyon, J. (1981). Social class & hidden curriculum.  In H.A Giroux, A.N. Penna & W.F. Pinar (Eds.), Curriculum and instruction (317-341). Berkley, CA: McCutchan Publishing Corporation.
Binda, K.P. (2001). Aboriginal education in Canada: Decentralization and the development of Aboriginal education systems: New Genesis. In Binda, K.P. & Calliou, S. (Eds.), Aboriginal education in Canada: A study in decolonization (35-57). Mississauga, ON: Canadian Educator’s Press.
Binda, K.P. & Calliou, S. (2001). Aboriginal education in Canada: A study in decolonization. Mississauga, ON: Canadian Educator’s Press.
Brewster, J. (2004). Content-based language teaching: a way to keep students motivated and challenged? CATS: The IATEFL Young Learners SIG Publication.
Brownlie, F. & Schnellert, L. (2009). It’s all about thinking: Collaborating to support all learners in English, social studies, and humanitites. Portage & Main Press, Winnipeg, MB.
Calliou, S. (2001). Decolonizing the mind: A non-empirical reflection on some First Nations scholarship. In Binda, K.P. & Calliou, S. (Eds), Aboriginal education in Canada: A study in decolonization, 195-210. Mississauga, ON: Canadian Educator’s Press.
Canadian Centre for Social Justice. (2007-2013). Aboriginal issues. Website. Retrieved from http://www.socialjustice.org/index.php?page=aboriginal-issues
Cummins, J. (2001). Negotiating identities: Education for empowerment in a diverse society. Los Angeles, CA: California Association for Bilingual Education.
Cummins, J. (2009). Transformative mulitliteracies pedagogy: School-based strategies for closing the achievement gap. Multiple Voices, 11(2), 1-19.
Cummins, J. & Early, M. (2015). Big ideas for expanding minds: Teaching English language learners across the curriculum. Pearson Canada Inc., Don Mills, ON.
Friere, P. (1993). Pedagogy of the oppressed.  Website. Retrieved from http://www2.webster.edu/~corbetre/philosophy/education/freire/freire-2.html 
Fonesca, S. (2011). Manitoba Education and Youth Grade 12: Current topics in First Nations, Métis, and Inuit studies: A foundation for implementation. Government of Manitoba. Website. Retrieved from http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/abedu/foundation_gr12/index.html
Grant, M. (2011). Individual strategies for supporting students with additional language needs. Website. Retrieved from www.HumansNotRobots.co.uk.
Gutek, G.L. (2004). Postmodernism. In Philosophical and Ideological Voices in Education,121-141. Boston: Pearson
Gutek, G.L. (2004). Liberation pedagogy. In Philosophical and Ideological Voices in Education. 236-251. Toronto: Pearson.
Giroux, H.A. (1983). Reproduction, resistance, & accommodation in the schooling process. Theory & Resistance in Education, (72-111).
Haddix, M. & Price-Dennis, D. (2013). Urban fiction and multicultural literature as transformative tools for preparing English teachers for diverse classrooms. English Education, April, 247-278.
Kennedy, M. (2013, October 8). First Nation Education Act will be ‘transformational’, says Aboriginal Affairs Minister Bernard Valcourt. Postmedia News. Website. Retrieved from http://www.canada.com/news/First+Nation+Education+will+transformational+says+AboriginalAffairs+Minister+Bernard+Valcourt/9013065/story.html
Larsen-Freeman, D. (2007). Reflecting on the cognitive–social debate in second language acquisition. The Modern Language Journal, 91(Focus Issue), 773-787.
The London Group (1996). A pedagogy of multiliteracies: Designing social futures. Harvard Educational Review, 66(1), 60-92.
Manitoba Education and Youth. (2003). Integrating Aboriginal perspectives into curricula.  Winnipeg, MB: Author.
McAlpine, L. (2001). Teacher training for the new wilderness: Quantum leaps. In Binda, K.P. & Calliou, S. (Eds), Aboriginal education in Canada: A study in decolonization,105-119. Mississauga, ON: Canadian Educator’s Press.
McLaren, P. (2009). A pedagogy of possibilities. In A. Orstein, E. Pajak & S. Orstein. Contemporary issues in curriculum (5th Ed), (21-33). Pearson: Toronto.
National Indian Brotherhood/Assembly of First Nations (1972). Indian control of Indian education. Ottawa, ON: Author
Naqvi, R., Thorne, K.J., Pfitscher, C.M., Nordstokke, D.W., & McKeough, A. (2012). Reading dual books: Improving early literacy skills in linguistically diverse classrooms. Journal of Early Childhood Research, 0(0), 1-13.  DOI: 10.1177/1476718X12449453
Peden, S. (2012). Narrowing the education gap. Manitoba Education Research Network, 11(1),9: http://www.mern.ca/profiles/peden.pdf
Raham, H. (2009). Best practices in Aboriginal education: A literature review and analysis for policy directions. Website. Retrieved from http://www.firstpeoplesgroup.com/mnsiurban/PDF/education/Best_Practices_in_Aboriginal_Education-2009.pdf  
Report of the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples. (1996), Website. Retrieved from http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/webarchives/20071124125456/http://www.ainc-inac.gc.ca/ch/rcap/sg/sim5_e.html
Silvers, J., Mallet, K., Greene, J., & Simard, F., (2002, December). Aboriginal education in Winnipeg inner city schools. Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives – Manitoba: http://winnspace.uwinnipeg.ca/bitstream/handle/10680/312/aboriginaleducation.pdf?sequence=1
Taylor, S., (2011). Identity texts as decolonized writing: Beyond the cowboys and Indians meta-narrative. Writing & Pedagogy, 3 (1), 289-304. http:// doi:10.1558/wap.v3i2.289
Wesley, E. W. (1993). Wesley decolonization project: Rebuilding self-determination: Community wellness. Presented at the assembly of First Nations XIVth annual general assembly, July. Calgary, AB.

Authurson, V. (2014). First Nations Languages Revitalization parent handbook, Manitoba first nations education resource centre inc.
McCarthy, T., & Nicholas S. (March 2014). Reclaiming indigenous Languages: a reconsideration of the roles and responsibilities of schools. Review of Research in Education, 38, 106-136.
Meek. B. (2013). Failing American Indian languages. American Indian Culture and Research Journal 35,2, 43-60.
Moore, D., Macdonald, M. (2013). Language and literacy development in a Canadian native community: Halq’emeylem revitalization in a Sto:lo Head Start program in British Columbia. The Modern Language Journal, 97, 3, 702-719.
Tarbell, R. (2014). Annual Report 2014. Kanien’keha:ka Onkwawen:na Raotitiohkwa Language & Cultural Centre, Kanawake, Quebec.

Canada Citizenship and Immigration. (2006). Immigration to Canada by occupation—Education. Ottawa, ON: CIC.
Faez, F. (2012). Diverse teachers for diverse students: Internationally educated and Canadian born teachers’ preparedness to teach English language learners. Canadian Journal of Education, 35(3), 64-84
Manitoba Labour and Immigration. (2006). Immigration to Canada and Manitoba by education occupation. Winnipeg, MB: Manitoba Labour and Immigration.
Manitoba Labour and Immigration. (July, 2008). Manitoba seeks skilled immigrants.
Reitz, J. (2005). Tapping immigrants’ skills: New directions for Canadian immigration policy in the knowledge economy. Institute for Research on Public Policy Choices, 11(1).
Schmidt, C. (2010). Systemic discrimination as a barrier for immigrant teachers. Diaspora, Indigenous, and Minority Education: Studies of Migration, Integration, Equity, and Cultural Survival, 4(4), 235-252, DOI: 10.1080/15595692.2010.513246
Statistics Canada. (2007). Immigration in Canada: A portrait of the foreign-born population, 2006 census: Driver of population growth. Proportion of Canada’s foreign-born population second to Australia. Ottawa, ON: Statistics Canada.
Walsh, S. C., Brigham, S. M., & Wang, Y. (2011). Internationally educated female teachers in the neoliberal context: Their labour market and teacher certification experiences in Canada. Teaching and Teacher Education, 27(3), 657–665.

Andrade, M. (2006). International students in English-speaking universities: Adjustment factors. Journal of Research in International Education, 5(2), 131-154. Website. Retrieved from http://jri.sagepub.com     
Assiniboine Community College: Programs. (n.d.). Website. Retrieved from http://public.assiniboine.net/    
Brandon University. (n.d.). Website. Retrieved from https://www.brandonu.ca/ 
Brandon University Handbook. (n.d.). Website. Retrieved from
Bifuh-Ambe, E. (2011). Postsecondary Learning: Recognizing the Needs of English Languag Learners in Mainstream University Classrooms. Multicultural Education, 19(3) 13-19.
Brandon School Division Senior High Schools (n.d.) Crocus Plains Regional Secondary School. Website. Retrieved from https://www.bsd.ca/schools/crocus/Pages/default.aspx 
Brandon School Division Senior High Schools (n.d.) Crocus Plains Regional Secondary School Graduation. Website. Retrieved from https://www.bsd.ca/schools/Crocus/graduation2015/Pages/default.aspx 
Brandon School Division Senior High Schools (n.d.). École secondaire Neelin High School. Website. Retrieved from https://www.bsd.ca/schools/neelin/Pages/default.aspx 
Brandon School Division Senior High Schools (n.d.). École secondaire Neelin High School Graduation. Website. Retrieved from https://www.bsd.ca/schools/Neelin/Graduation/Pages/default.aspx 
Brandon School Division High School (n.d.) Vincent Massey High School. Website. Retrieved from https://www.bsd.ca/schools/massey/Pages/default.aspx 
Brandon School Division High School (n.d.) Vincent Massey High School Graduation. Website. Retrieved from https://www.bsd.ca/schools/Massey/grad2015/Pages/default.aspx 
Cummins, J., & Early, M. (2015). Big Ideas for Expanding Minds Teaching English Language Learners Across the Curriculum. Don Mills, Ontario: Pearson.
Focus on the Future: A Parent and Student Guide to Senior Years Graduation Requirements. (n.d.). Website. Retrieved from http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/docs/parents/grad/index.html 
Guenther, K. (n.d.). Intensive Newcomer Research 2006-2007: Seven Oaks School Division. Website. Retrieved from www.7oaks.org/.../Intensive_Newcomers_Research_update_Nov_07.ppt 
Kouritzin, S., & Mathews, P. (2002). Policies Affecting ESL Instruction in Manitoba. Canadian Journal of Educational Administration and Policy, (22), Website. Retrieved from https://www.umanitoba.ca/publications/cjeap/articles/kouritzin.html 
Mathews-Aydinli, J. (2006, September). Supporting Adult English Language Learners' Transition to Postsecondary Education. Website. Retrieved from
Promising Pathways: High School and Adult Programming Options for EAL Youth. (n.d.). Website. Retrieved from
Reid, M., & Moore III, J. (2008). College Readiness and Academic Preparation for  Postsecondary Education: Oral Histories of First-Generation Urban College Students. Urban Education, 43(2), 240-261. Website. Retrieved from http://uex.sagepub.com 
Schwartz, M. (n.d.). Supporting EAL Learners. Website. Retrieved from
Sweet, R., Anisef, P., Brown, R., Walters, D., & Phythian, K. (2010). Post High School Pathways of Immigrant Youth. Toronto: Higher Education Quality Council of Ontario. Website. Retrieved from http://www.heqco.ca/SiteCollectionDocuments/Pathways%20ENG.pdf 
Towards Inclusion: A Handbook for English as a Second Language Course Designation, Senior 1-4. Website. Retrieved from http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/docs/policy/esl/coursed.pdf 
Westman Immigrant Services. Home - Language and Services. (n.d.). Website. Retrieved from http://www.westmanimmigrantservices.ca/ 

Evans, M., Broad, K., & Rodrigue, A. (2010). Educating for global citizenship: An ETFO curriculum development inquiry initiative. Toronto, ON: Elementary Teachers’ Federation of Ontario (ETFO).
Leduc, R. (2013). Global citizenship instruction through active participation: What is being learned about global citizenship. The Educational Forum, 77(4), 394-406. oi:10.1080/00131725.2013.822038
Margaret, C. (2008). Global citizenship for young children. Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications Ltd.
Noddings, N. (Ed). (2005). Educating citizens for global awareness. New York, NY: Teachers College Columbia University.
 Swayze, N. (2014). Guide for sustainable schools in Manitoba. International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD).